You make some good points about the distinction between norm-referenced tests and criterion-referenced tests, but I disagree with your characterization of the latter. The problem with norm-referenced ...

It is a necessary condition that items and tests have variance and discrimination in the range of interest (population of observations) for which they are calibrated and selected. The basis for ...

Educational legislation sometimes leads to confusion for both educators and the public. No Child Left Behind and the more recent Race to the Top initiative are good examples of complex laws containing ...